Definition and Examples of Rhetorical Schemes

Scheme is a term in classical rhetoric for any one of the figures of speech: a deviation from conventional word order. Here are examples of scheme in use by famous authors, as well as definitions from other texts: Examples and Observations Tom McArthur: Schemes include such devices as alliteration and assonance (that purposefully arrange sounds, as in The Leith police dismisseth us) and antithesis, chiasmus, climax, and anticlimax (that arrange words for effect, as in the cross-over phrasing One for all and all for one). Wolfgang G. MÃ ¼ller: There is a theory dating back to classical times that rhetorical figures or schemes originated as forms of expression used naturally by people in states of extreme emotion (Brinton 1988:163), that they are, in fact, imitative of emotional states. . . . Thus, rhetorical figures of omission, unusual word order or repetition are held to be imitative of actual disturbances of language in emotional contexts, which, in turn, reflect feelings and emotional states such as anger, grief, indignation or consternation... Now while it is undoubtedly true that such schemes as aposiopesis (breaking off an utterance before it is completed), hyperbaton or repetition are frequently related to emotional states, it must also be realised that the whole reservoir of rhetorical schemes represents a system which provides a multitude of possibilities of expressing meanings, among which emotions form only one variety. Functions of Schemes Chris Holcomb and M. Jimmie Killingsworth: In addition to structuring reality, the schemes help writers organize and orchestrate their relationships with readers. As vehicles for social interaction, they can: Signal the level of formality (high, middle, low) as well [as] local shifts across these levels;Control the emotional intensity of prose--cranking it up here, ratcheting it down there;Showcase the writers wit and command over his or her medium;Enlist readers into collaborative relationships, inviting them to desire the completion of a pattern once they get its gist (Burke, Rhetoric of Motives 58-59). Tropes and Schemes in The Garden of Eloquence Grant M. Boswell: [Henry] Peacham [in The Garden of Eloquence, 1577] divides his treatment of figurative language into tropes and schemes, the difference being that in the Trope there is a chaunge of signifycation, but not in the Scheme (sig. E1v). Tropes are further divided into tropes of words and sentences, and schemes are also divided into grammatical and rhetorical schemes. Grammatical schemes deviate from customs of speaking and writing and are subdivided into orthographical and syntactical schemes. Rhetorical schemes add distinction and doe take away the wearinesse of our common and dayly speach, and doe fashion a pleasant, sharpe, evident and gallant kinde of speaking, giving unto matters great strength, perspecuitie and grace (sig. H4v). Rhetorical schemes apply to words, sentences and amplification.

Benefits Of Working Days During The United States

It has been a fact over the years, that the human body only has so much energy that it can be used over the course of a day. Even when that energy is properly managed, it will still eventually go away. That’s why longer working days are so devastating on workaholics. In the United States, working varies from person to person, usually on location, culture, lifestyle, and the profitability of the individual’s livelihood. A lot of Americans work a lot of hours and are more productive. Americans work more productive that Americans on the average are overwhelmed and the long hours are really affecting their health and family life. â€Å"For many professionals, working on the weekends has become the norm — a way to catch up from the previous week or get a head start on the next (Goubreau).† Most professionals work on the week which is called a workweek. A workweek is the total numbers of hours or days in a week that you have worked. How did we get 40 hours of wo rkweek? During World War I, there were far too many strikes to have more hours of work which spread all through the Northeast. So it was decided to have 40 hours a week for working hours. On workweeks, Americans work eight hours a day per week, but for weekends, Americans work six hours a week end. Many professions work on the weekends, to catch up on what they have missed so they would not have to work overtime for any reasons due to the fact that they finished what they needed to complete or because they worked the amountShow MoreRelatedThe United Farm Workers Movement: Cesar Chavez Essay1114 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the 1960’s, many movements rose such as the counterculture movement, the hippie movement, the environmental movement, the SCLC, the SNCC, the Native American movement, Women’s civil rights, United Farm workers, etc. During the 1960’s the American culture would start to change because of these movements. 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Does the possession of knowledge carry an ethical responsibility Essay Example For Students

Does the possession of knowledge carry an ethical responsibility? Essay In this case, adhering to moral absolutism, Oppenheimer would not be expected to his utilize and abuse his knowledge of the atomic to possess destructive power, despite the fact that America was under attack by the Japanese. This is because he has an obligation to stick to his moral principles, regardless of the situation he is in. Therefore from a moral absolutist standpoint, acting upon his knowledge of science to create the ultimate weapon of mass destruction, as a means of justice and protection, can still be considered unethical. Often scientists are so obstinate in their pursuit of scientific knowledge and ultimately status, that often they can neglect their â€Å"ethical responsibilities†, and in this case, Oppenheimer’s chose power and fame over his ethical responsibility, becoming the â€Å"destroyer of worlds†. Ultimately, it can be questioned whether scientists should have an ethical responsibility in the pursuit of knowledge, or whether the knowledge itself they acquire equips them with an ethical responsibility. Similarly to the role of the scientist, the role of a doctor can be another example of the natural sciences as a way of knowing. Ethics could be considered, as often, like scientists, doctors may primarily be in search of fame and status and disregard their ethical responsibilities. For example, they may purposefully deceive their own patients, exaggerating the case, causing the patients to believe an expensive operation is needed. Other times, they may simply withhold the full truth to their patients, and tell white lies in fear that their patients may feel unsettled. Either way, it can be considered â€Å"unethical† for one to purposefully lie to another, regardless of the intent of the person telling the lie. Another area of knowledge worth considering would be the human sciences. Using a personal example, I was once a witness to a crime involving a hit and run, where the driver clearly had a clean motive to end the life of a certain pedestrian crossing the road. Through using sense perception as a way of knowing, I managed to capture the car plate number of the van and had a clear ethical decision to make: to report it to the police or to ignore the case and pretend as if nothing had happened. Being in this position where knowledge had almost leaped on to me in an instant, I was considered a knower. Fearing my knowledge and the actions I might have taken with this knowledge, the crime committers saw that the only way of ridding my knowledge was by ridding me as a whole. Often, it is even unclear as to which act is considered ethical. Catching my classmate cheat through sense of perception as a way of knowing in his Japanese test put me in an extremely ethical position. It would have been considered â€Å"unethical† to ignore the situation as if nothing had happened, as it would not only be unfair to the others; yet reporting him to the teacher would have ended our friendship, and also have been considered â€Å"disloyal†. Hence, there are often situations where attaining knowledge places the person at an inescapable position, where his/her decisions will inevitably be considered as unethical. A counter claim in the human sciences would involve me witnessing two people holding hands, in which through sense perception, caused me to assume that they were a couple. It was until later that I found out that the male was in fact in a relationship with another female. My knowledge of them holding hands did not hold me at any obligation, as I was oblivious to the full truth and was unaware that the male was cheating on his girlfriend. Hence in this case, knowledge here did not possess any ethical responsibility whatsoever. In conclusion, most often full knowledge to a particular issue does indeed possess an ethical responsibility. .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 , .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .postImageUrl , .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 , .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9:hover , .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9:visited , .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9:active { border:0!important; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9:active , .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9 .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u321e6102e448642571632d2b8f9984b9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Are advances in technology making us more efficien EssayGaining full knowledge immediately involves the person in the situation, and he/she is often judged through his/her actions based on his/her newly attained knowledge. However, only possessing partial knowledge of a certain subject is insufficient to subject one to take ethical actions and decisions, as he/she is unaware of the full situation and shouldn’t be required to â€Å"correct† the â€Å"wrong†. It can almost be said that the person who is oblivious to the whole situation is considered â€Å"innocent†, while the person fully aware must fulfill his/her ethical responsibility to remain â€Å"innocent†.